Forests are large treasure house of a huge wealth of
natural resources. They significantly contain nearly 50% of the terrestrial
species of plants and animals
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1)Grasses, bamboo, Canes and leaves:
Importance of forests( Economical or commercial aspects)
• Provide fuel wood for domestic and industrial
uses, and timber for buildings, furniture, boats, railway sleepers and several
other purposes.
• Supply
raw materials for wood pulp in the manufacture of paper, rayon, ply woods, card
boards.
• Provide
food items in the form of roots, tubers, leaves, fruits, berries, nuts, spices
etc
• Medicine
like quinine and camphor, products like turpentine, resins, oils, alkaloids,
dyes, gum, charcoal etc are obtained from forest trees.
• Serves
as a source of sustainable income through ecotouism.
Minor Forest Products(MFPs) include all the forest products,
other than wood and timber. They consists of both animal products and plant products.
• Plant
products: grasses, canes, bamboos, oils, leaves, oils, gums, tannins and resins
• Animal
products: lac, honey, wax, Ivory, horns, hides
• Bamboo
is generally considered as poor man’s timber
• Used for Roofing, walling, flooring and mat making, basketery, paper pulp
• • Tendu
leaf of Bauhinia vahlii are used for making leaf plates and leaf cups
2)Oils
• sandal wood oil, cedar wood oil, oilve oil, clove oil, lemon grass oil, eucalyptus oil
3) Gums used in textiles, cosmetics, medicines, pastes
• Karaya perhaps the most important gum (Sterculia urens and S villosa)
4) Resins:
• Resins- Turpentine oil from pines and conifers
5) Tannins and dyes: amla, hemlock, wattle,
• Dyes:
Red sander, khair, flowers of Palash, fruits of mallotus, bark of wattle, roots
of morinda etc
Drug
• Quinine-
Ant malarial from Cinchona tree
• Digitalis-
heart stimulant- foxglove plant
• Morphine-analgesic
from opium poppy
• Reserpine-anti hypertension from Rauwolfia
Poisons- Aconite, Datura
7)Spices
• Cinnamom,
cardamom, galangal (Alpnia galanga)
8) Edible plant products: tubers, flowers, fruits, berries,
seeds, nuts etc
9) Lac- is a resinous substance, secreted by the lac
insect (Tachardia lacca, Laccifer lacca, or Kerria lacca)
• It
is formed mainly of resin, coloring
pigments, wax, proteins, sugars etc
• • Finest
form of lac is called shellac
10)Honey and Beeswax
• • Honey
used as food
• • Used
as medicine